Choline, a vital nutrient found in various foods, plays a crucial role in maintaining heart health and brain function. Recent studies suggest that a moderate intake of choline may help reduce the risk of atherosclerotic heart disease, the leading cause of death in the United States. While experts recommend obtaining choline from whole foods rather than supplements, the relationship between choline and heart disease remains a subject of ongoing research.
The impact of choline on heart disease
A new observational study published in BMC Public Health examined the link between choline intake and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in U.S. adults. The study analyzed data from 5,525 participants, revealing that moderate choline intake was associated with a lower risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. However, the study found no significant association between choline intake and metabolic syndrome, a cluster of conditions that increase the risk of heart disease.
Optimal choline intake for heart health
According to the study, the optimal choline intake for heart health benefits appears to be around 244 milligrams daily for women and 367 milligrams for men. These levels are lower than the current adequate intakes recommended by the National Institutes of Health. The study suggests insufficient or excessive choline intake may be less beneficial for heart health.
Choline sources and dietary recommendations
Choline is found in a variety of foods, including whole eggs, fish, dairy products, organ and red meat, red potatoes, shiitake mushrooms, nuts and seeds, whole grains, and cruciferous vegetables. Registered dietitian Kiran Campbell advises following a balanced diet that includes these choline-rich foods to ensure adequate daily intake. She also recommends choosing lean protein and plant-based sources of choline to avoid excessive consumption of animal-based foods high in saturated fat.
Combining diet with lifestyle changes
While a balanced diet rich in choline is important, it should be combined with other lifestyle changes for optimal heart health. Regular exercise, avoiding smoking, maintaining a healthy weight, and managing cholesterol and triglyceride levels are also crucial for preventing heart disease.
In conclusion, while choline is essential for heart and brain health, further research is needed to fully understand its role in preventing heart disease. In the meantime, incorporating a variety of choline-rich foods into a balanced diet, along with other healthy lifestyle practices, can contribute to overall cardiovascular health.
