A recent study has shown that dietary changes, particularly a low-carb diet, could be more effective in alleviating symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) than traditional medications. Conducted by Swedish researchers and published in The Lancet Gastroenterology and Hepatology, this groundbreaking research compares the effects of a low-carb diet, a low-FODMAP diet and standard medical treatments for IBS.
Study overview
Led by dietitian Sanna Nybacka, PhD, the study involved 294 Swedish adults suffering from moderate-to-severe IBS symptoms. Participants were divided into three groups: one followed a low-FODMAP diet, another adhered to a low-carb diet, and the third received medical treatment.
Key findings
- 76% of participants on the low-FODMAP diet reported significant symptom relief.
- 71% of those on the low-carb diet experienced similar improvements.
- Only 58% of participants receiving medication saw comparable benefits.
Both dietary approaches effectively reduced symptom severity, particularly abdominal pain and bloating, and improved overall quality of life.
Understanding the diets
The low-FODMAP diet limits fermentable carbohydrates, which can exacerbate IBS symptoms. In contrast, the low-carb diet restricts total carbohydrate intake to a maximum of 50 grams per day while ensuring adequate protein and fiber intake. This dietary optimization is crucial for maintaining digestive health.
Why diet over medication?
Current IBS medications often yield mixed results, with only about 50% of patients experiencing improvement. According to Dr. William Chey, a gastroenterology professor, the lack of targeted treatments makes dietary changes a more effective option for many individuals.
Considerations for IBS management
While dietary changes can significantly impact IBS symptoms, they are not a one-size-fits-all solution. Stress management and therapy may also be beneficial for some individuals. For those considering a low-carb or low-FODMAP diet, consulting with a registered dietitian is recommended.
As IBS affects approximately 10-15% of American adults, these findings could provide a new avenue for symptom management. Keeping a food journal to track dietary intake and symptoms can help individuals identify triggers and work effectively with health care professionals.
While a low-carb diet may not be a universal remedy for IBS, it offers a promising alternative for many seeking relief from this challenging condition.
